Every drop recovered, only salt leaves the plant — membrane concentration, evaporation and crystallisation engineered for the lowest life-cycle cost.
A zero liquid discharge system treats industrial effluent so that no liquid waste leaves the site: water is recovered for reuse and dissolved salts are converted to a solid that can be sold, reused or landfilled. ZLD is mandated for many textile, dyeing, tannery, distillery, pharmaceutical and chemical units in India where no receiving water body or CETP is available, and is adopted voluntarily where fresh water is scarce or expensive.
ZLD is expensive if designed badly and manageable if designed well. The whole game is minimising the volume that reaches the evaporator — every cubic metre concentrated by membranes instead of steam saves money for the life of the plant. Segregating streams, recovering salts of value and choosing the right evaporator type decide whether a ZLD plant is a burden or an asset.
KK Enviro Engineers designs and builds complete ZLD trains — from pre-treatment through high-recovery RO, evaporation, crystallisation and salt handling — and retrofits evaporators onto existing ETPs.
Brine concentration to 80,000–120,000 mg/L TDS before evaporation.
Multiple-effect evaporators where steam is available and cheap.
Mechanical vapour recompression — 30–50 kWh/m³, no steam boiler needed.
For scaling salts and mixed brines at the tail end of the train.
Agitated thin-film dryer to convert mother liquor to dry powder.
Low-fouling concentration for difficult, oily or high-organic brines.
Lime-soda or ion exchange so evaporators do not scale.
Selective crystallisation to recover saleable sodium sulphate or NaCl.
Inlet characterisation and sampling plan → process selection and mass balance → PFD, P&ID, hydraulic and equipment sizing → civil and mechanical drawings → BOQ, vendor RFQs and procurement → erection supervision → commissioning, performance guarantee test and operator training → operation & maintenance. Delivered as a containerised or skid-mounted package for small and remote sites, or as a site-built turnkey plant for large capacities. Documentation to refinery-grade standards: datasheets, interlock lists, cause-and-effect matrices and O&M manuals your team can actually run the plant from.
No liquid effluent leaves the site. Water is recovered for reuse by membranes and evaporation; dissolved salts are converted to a solid that is sold, reused or landfilled.
Textile dyeing, tanneries, distilleries, pharmaceuticals and chemical units in India where no receiving water or CETP is available, and any industry where fresh water is scarce or expensive.
Because evaporation is energy-intensive. The key to affordable ZLD is minimising the volume that reaches the evaporator — stream segregation, high-recovery RO and salt recovery. See our article on cutting ZLD OPEX.
Multiple-effect (MEE) where steam is cheap or available as waste heat; mechanical vapour recompression (MVR) where only electricity is available — it needs no boiler and usually has lower life-cycle cost.
Send your effluent analysis, flows per stream and utility availability — we reply with a recovery scheme, evaporator sizing and budget range within one working day.