Industrial wastewater treated to the limits in your consent to operate, or recycled back into the plant.
An effluent treatment plant treats the wastewater an industry generates, process effluent, floor and equipment washings, CIP water, scrubber and utility blowdown, so that it can be legally discharged to a drain, a CETP or land, or reused inside the factory. In India the outlet limits come from the Environment (Protection) Rules and the unit's consent from the State Pollution Control Board: typically pH 5.5–9, BOD ≤ 30 mg/L, COD ≤ 250 mg/L, TSS ≤ 100 mg/L, oil & grease ≤ 10 mg/L, plus industry-specific parameters such as colour, phenol, ammonia, chromium or TDS.
No two effluents are alike, so an ETP is designed backwards from the inlet: flow and its daily variation, pH, BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, oil & grease, temperature, and the industry-specific pollutants. That characterisation decides which of the treatment stages below are needed and how large each one is.
Proven, flexible, low capital; needs space and attentive operation.
Biofilm on plastic carriers: compact, sturdy to shock loads, easy to upgrade an existing tank.
Submerged fixed-film media; simple and stable for medium loads.
Membrane bioreactor: smallest footprint and reuse-grade outlet; higher power and membrane cost.
For COD above ~3,000 mg/L; produces biogas, saves aeration power.
Dissolved-air flotation for oily, fatty or light-solid effluents (food, dairy, refinery).
Hydroxide/sulphide precipitation for chromium, nickel, zinc, copper, fluoride.
Membrane recovery plus evaporation where discharge is not permitted.
Sampling and inlet characterisation to process selection and mass balance to PFD, P&ID and equipment sizing to civil and mechanical drawings to BOQ and procurement to erection supervision to seeding, commissioning and performance guarantee test to O&M. As a packaged skid for small capacities, or a site-built turnkey plant for large ones.
It depends on flow, inlet strength and the outlet required. A simple physico-chemical plant for low-strength effluent costs a fraction of a high-COD pharma ETP with anaerobic, aerobic and ZLD stages. Send your inlet analysis and flow; we give a budget range within one to two working days.
Roughly 1–2.5 m² per KLD for a conventional plant, less for MBR or packaged units. Anaerobic and ZLD stages add area. We give a footprint with every preliminary scheme.
General standards under the Environment (Protection) Rules: pH 5.5–9, BOD ≤ 30 mg/L, COD ≤ 250 mg/L, TSS ≤ 100 mg/L, oil & grease ≤ 10 mg/L, with industry-specific limits for parameters such as colour, phenol, ammonia, chromium and TDS. Your consent to operate from the State Pollution Control Board states the exact limits that apply.
Yes: after tertiary filtration and, where needed, UF and RO, treated effluent is commonly reused for cooling towers, floor washing, gardening and, in many plants, process make-up. Reuse reduces fresh-water cost and is mandatory in ZLD areas.
A packaged skid for small capacity: 8–12 weeks. A site-built turnkey plant of a few hundred KLD: 5–8 months including civil work, followed by 4–8 weeks of biological seeding and stabilisation.
Share your inlet analysis, capacity and location; we reply with a preliminary scheme and budget range within one to two working days.